Solar PV Module Structure
A PV module consists of a number of interconnected solar cells (typically 36 connected in series) encapsulated into a single, long-lasting, stable unit. The key purpose of encapsulating a set of electrically connected solar cells is to protect them and their interconnecting wires from the typically harsh environment in which they are used. For example, solar cells, since they are relatively thin, are prone to mechanical damage unless protected. In addition, the metal grid on the top surface of the solar cell and the wires interconnecting the individual solar cells may be corroded by water or water vapour. The two key functions of encapsulation are to prevent mechanical damage to the solar cells and to prevent water or water vapour from corroding the electrical contacts. Many different types of PV modules exist and the module strModule Materials
Most PV bulk silicon PV modules consist of a transparent top surface, an encapsulant, a rear layer and a frame around the outer edge. In most modules, the top surface is glass, the encapsulant is EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) and the rear layer is Tedlar, as shown below.Front Surface Materials
Encapsulant
An encapsulant is used to provide adhesion between the solar cells, the top surface and the rear surface of the PV module. The encapsulant should be stable at elevated temperatures and high UV exposure. It should also be optically transparent and should have a low thermal resistance. EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) is the most commonly used encapsulant material. EVA comes in thin sheets which are inserted between the solar cells and the top surface and the rear surface. This sandwich is then heated to 150 °C to polymerize the EVA and bond the module together.Rear Surface
The key characteristics of the rear surface of the PV module are that it must have low thermal resistance and that it must prevent the ingress of water or water vapour. In most modules, a thin polymer sheet, typically Tedlar, is used as the rear surface. Some PV modules, known as bifacial modules are designed to accept light from either the front or the rear of the solar cell. In bifacial modules both the front and the rear must be optically transparent.Frame
A final structural component of the module is the edging or framing of the module. A conventional PV module frame is typically made of aluminium. The frame structure should be free of projections which could result in the lodgement of water, dust or other matter. To know more vist PV EDUCATION Contact us at 1300 131 989 for obligation free consultation or click here to Request Consultation.
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